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dimethylaniline是什么意思，dimethylaniline翻译
Dimethylaniline: An Overview
Dimethylaniline is an organic compound with the molecular formula C8H11N. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a faint, pleasant odor. This compound is commonly used as a染料和颜料的合成 intermediate in the chemical industry. It is also used in the production of plastics, resins, and other industrial chemicals.
The chemical structure of dimethylaniline consists of a benzene ring with two methyl groups and an amino group attached to it. The presence of the amino group makes dimethylaniline basic in nature, with a pKa value of around 10.5. This basic property makes it useful in various chemical reactions, such as in the preparation of dyes and pigments.
Dimethylaniline is produced by the reaction of nitration of aniline with sulfuric acid, followed by methylation with dimethyl sulfate. The reaction is typically carried out in an aqueous medium at low temperatures. The final product is separated from the reaction mixture by extraction and purified by recrystallization or other methods.
In the pharmaceutical industry, dimethylaniline is used as a starting material in the synthesis of various drugs, including local anesthetics, antihistamines, and cardiovascular agents. It is also used in the production of vitamin B3, also known as niacin, which is essential for human health.
Despite its usefulness, dimethylaniline is not without risks. It is considered a hazardous substance and can be harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. Inhalation of dimethylaniline vapors can cause irritation to the respiratory tract, nosebleeds, and coughing. Ingestion can lead to nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, while skin contact can cause irritation and dermatitis.
In conclusion, dimethylaniline is an important chemical compound with a wide range of applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Its unique chemical structure and basic properties make it a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pigments, and various drugs. However, proper precautions should be taken when handling this compound to ensure safety.