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functionalization是什么意思，functionalization翻译
Functionalization is a process of modifying the chemical structure of a substance to give it new properties or enhance its existing properties. It is a widely used technique in various fields such as materials science, chemistry, and biology. The process of functionalization can be carried out on different types of substances, including polymers, metals, and organic molecules.
One of the most common methods of functionalization is through the attachment of functional groups to the surface of a substance. Functional groups are specific groups of atoms that are responsible for the chemical properties of a molecule. By attaching functional groups to the surface of a substance, its reactivity and interaction with other substances can be altered.
Functionalization has numerous applications in the field of materials science. For example, it can be used to create materials with improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Functionalization can also be used to create materials with unique optical properties, such as fluorescence or absorbance of specific wavelengths of light.
In the field of chemistry, functionalization is often used to create new catalysts and enzymes. Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions, while enzymes are biological molecules that act as catalysts. By functionalizing the surface of a substance, it is possible to create catalysts and enzymes with improved activity and selectivity.
Functionalization is also widely used in the field of biology. For example, it can be used to create biocompatible materials that are suitable for use in medical devices and tissue engineering. Functionalization can also be used to study the interactions between biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA.
Overall, functionalization is a powerful technique that can be used to modify the properties of substances in a wide variety of ways. It has numerous applications in materials science, chemistry, and biology, and is likely to continue to be an important area of research and development in the future.